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Effects of Feeding Activated Carbon on Growth Rate and Pesticide Concentrations in Adipose Tissues of Steers Fed Apple Waste¹

The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of feeding activated carbon with an apple waste ration, and to cattle previously fed apple waste, on rate and efficiency of gain, and on the concentrations of dieldrin, DDT, DDE and TDE in adipose tissues. Thirty-six yearling Angus steers, averaging 289 kg, were allotted to six groups. All groups received a ration of 48.5% apple waste on a dry matter basis. The waste contained 0.14, 0.40, 0.S7 and 0.64 ppm of dieldrin, DDT, DDE and TDE, respectively. The trial was divided into two consecutive phases, (I) 80 days, and (II) 75 days. In phase I, three lots received 0.91 kg activated carbon/head/day and three lots did not receive activated carbon (control). Pesticide analyses were conducted on fat samples obtained by biopsy from the cod area and from the carcass after slaughter. Rate of gain was not significantly affected by treatment. Adipose tissue concentrations of dieldrin, DDE, TDE and total DDT were significantly (P<.05 or P<.01) reduced by feeding activated carbon with the apple waste rations. Actual DDT concentrations were not apparently affected. Percent reductions ranged from 43% for dieldrin to 24% for total DDT. Twenty-four cattle which received apple waste in phase I, were fed non-contaminated rations in phase II. Two lots also received activated carbon and two did not receive carbon. The use of activated carbon in phase II did not significantly increase the rate of pesticide decontamination.

¹ Approved for publication by the Director, Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station; Paper No. 3919 of the Journal Series; authorized for publication on February 8, 1971.

² Department of Animal Science.

³ Pesticide Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology.

⁴ The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance of Atlas Chemical Industries, Inc., Wilmington, Del.; Berks-Lehigh Cooperative Fruit Growers, Inc., Fleetwood, Pa.; Duffy-Mott Co., Inc., Asoers, Pa.; Knouse Foods Cooperative, Inc., Peach Glen, Pa.; Musselman Fruit Products Div., Pet, Inc., Biglerville, Pa., and Seneca Grape Juice Corp., Dundee, N. Y.; and the consultation of J. Richard Cogley, Knouse Foods Cooperative, Inc. and E. M. Damon, Exec. Director, The Pennsylvania Food Processors Ass., York. Pa.