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Urea as a Nitrogen Source for Pigs Fed Diets Supplemented with Lysine and Methionine

The University of Alberta, Edmonton 7^{2, 3, 4,}

Abstract

POTENTIAL utilization of urea as a nitrogen source in pig diets offers an inexpensive alternative to existing protein sources. Utilization of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) compounds by ruminants is well documented (Briggs, 1967). Monogastric species are less adequately equipped to utilize dietary NPN compounds because microbial fermentation is poorly adapted in this type of digestive tract. It has been suggested by Kornegay et al. (1965) that 1% urea can be utilized by pigs as long as provision is made for replacement of essential amino acids lost by removal of protein from the diet. Experiments reported here are a continuation of earlier studies reported by Bowland and Grimson (1970).

General objectives of the experiments were to evaluate the use of 2% urea and of the essential amino acids, L-lysine and DL-methionine, as supplements to practical-type diets of pigs from 4 weeks of age to market weight.

Design and Allotment. In Experiments 1 and 2, an evaluation was made of the effects of 2% dietary urea isonitrogenously replacing herring meal protein, and of 0.38% L-lysine-monohydrochloride and 0.12% DL-methionine supplements on feed intake, gain and feed conversion of 4 to 11 week old pigs started on experiment at an average of 6 kg live weight (table 1).

¹ Present address: Federated Co-operatives Limited, Feed Department, Saskatoon, Sasketchewan. Adapted in part from a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an M.Sc. degree.

² Department of Animal Science.

³ Supported in part by a grant from the National Research Council of Canada.

⁴ The assistance of Dr. R. T. Hardin in statistical analyses of the data is gratefully acknowledged.