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Studies of High Level Copper Supplementation to Rations for Growing Swine¹

South Dakota State University, Brookings 57006

Abstract

Numerous workers including Bowler et al. (1955), Barber et al. (1957), Allen et al. (1961) and Bunch et al. (1965), have demonstrated the growth-promoting effect of copper in the diets of swine. However, widespread usage of copper as a feed additive has been restricted by reports of toxicity in some instances where it was fed at levels generally recommended for improving rate of gain and feed efficiency (Bass et al., 1956; Wallace et al., 1960; Beames and Lloyd, 1965).

Other minerals appear to interact with copper in the metabolism of the pig. Ritchie et al. (1961, 1963) observed that zinc supplied in the diet with copper decreased the amount of copper stored in the liver and reduced the incidence of copper poisoning. Kulwich et al. (1953) observed higher liver copper values while Kline, Hays and Cromwell (1969) found lower liver copper values when molybdenum was added to a high-copper diet.

Suttle and Mills (1966) suggested that copper poisoning would be most likely to occur in the pig fed diets free of supplementary zinc and iron.

¹ Published with approval of the Director of the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station as Publication No. 989 of the Journal Series.

² Department of Animal Science.

³ Department of Station Biochemistry.