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Selenium Supplementation of Practical Diets for Growing-Finishing Swine¹

Michigan State University, East Lansing 48823

Abstract

Two feeding trials and one balance study were conducted to study the effects of Se supplementation of practical diets for swine upon health of the animals and tissue Se retention. Classical Se and/or vitamin E deficiency lesions were observed in two animals which died when fed the unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal ration. Chronic fibrosis of the liver was found in another pig from this basal group at slaughter. Lesions attributable to Se and/or vitamin E deficiency were not observed in any of the groups receiving supplemental Se and/or vitamin E in the diet. Supplemental Se in the diet significantly increased muscle Se levels although the levels with the Se-supplemented diets were lower than those reported for porcine muscle in Se-adequate areas. Muscle Se levels did not decline significantly in 30 days but decreased significantly (P<.01) by 65 days after the termination of Se supplementation. Effects on hematological parameters of pigs were minor except when considering the effect of supplementation of sow diets with vitamin E. Young pigs retained a decreasing percentage of dietary Se as levels of supplemental Se increased but the absolute daily retention of Se was similar for both 0.1 and 0.5 ppm of added Se. Urinary excretion of Se increased markedly at the higher level of Se supplementation. It should be recognized that the muscle Se levels and the Se balance data observed in this study were derived using sodium selenite as the source of supplemental Se and the extrapolation of these results to include all sources of dietary Se would be unwise.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station as Journal Article No. 5161.

² Department of Animal Husbandry, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources.

³ Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine.

⁴ Department of Large Animal Surgery and Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine.