J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 1944. 3:242-249.
© 1944 American Society of Animal Science
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The Efficiency of the Phenothiazine Salt Mixture and Drench for Sheep1

W. T. S. Thorp, W. L. Henning and J. F. Shigley2

The Pennsylvania State College

Abstract

Although there is more to be learned about the efficient use of phenothiazine, on the basis of this and other work, it is thought that definite recommendations can be made at this time. The use of phenothiazine, either as a salt mixture or as a drench, may be modified for various localities, depending upon climatic conditions and the general management practices.

The 1–9 phenothiazine and salt mixture, prepared by mixing 1 pound of phenothiazine powder with 9 pounds of granular salt, if properly administered, is an efficient non-toxic anthelmintic for mature sheep. The difference in efficiency for lambs and ewes is probably due to the fact that the young lamb does not consume enough of the salt mixture when needed most and the further fact that the lamb is more susceptable than the ewe to parasitism.

The use of phenothiazine and salt is a preventive measure and is not expected to control parasitism in heavily infested animals. The following general recommendations are made:

  1. Treat all the sheep in the flock during the late fall or early winter with the phenothiazine drench.
  2. Repeat this treatment in the spring one to two weeks after all the ewes have lambed. Then, place the entire flock on the 1-9 phenothiazine and salt mixture.
  3. Drench the lambs in the flock with phenothiazine when they are 3 to 4 months of age. If it is a wet, warm season and the lambs show any evidence of parasitism, it may be necessary in some cases to drench them again.
  4. Under some conditions, particularly after using the fall and spring drench for several seasons, it may not be necessary to drench the ewes in the fall if they were drenched in the spring, providing the 1-9 salt mixture has been before them at all times. All the young stock kept over the winter should be drenched in the fall.

Footnotes

1 Authorized for publication on November 24, 1943 as paper No. 1208 in the journal series of the Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station from the Department of Animal Husbandry. Presented by the senior author at the Sheep and Wool Section of the Thirty-sixth Annual Meeting for the American Society of Animal Production, Chicago, Illinois, November 30, 1943.

2 The authors wish to express their appreciation to Mrs. Cora B. Grundy for assistance on the blood studies, and Professor W. B. Connell of the Extension Service for his many helpful suggestions. Acknowledgement is made to E. I. duPont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, Delaware, for providing the powdered phenothiazine and Greever's and Co., Chilhowie, Virginia, for cooperation in furnishing the phenothiazine drench.






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Copyright © 1944 by the American Society of Animal Science.