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Net Energy of Regular and Waxy Sorghum Grains for Finishing Steers^1,2,

Texas Technological College Research Center, Pantex

Abstract

Finishing studies were conducted to compare feedlot performance and carcass traits with steers fed rations containing regular and waxy sorghum grain. Net energy values for maintenance (NE_m) and gain (NE_g) were determined for the rations and the grains from energy retention data determined by the comparative slaughter technique. The waxy grain contains glutenous starch which is almost entirely amylopectin and the regular grain non-glutenous starch composed of about 75% amylopectin and 25% amylose. The grains were dry rolled and fed in isonitrogenous rations containing in percent: grain, 83.9; cottonseed hulls, 10.0; cottonseed meal, 4.3; urea, 0.7; trace mineral salt, 0.5; CaCO₃, 0.5; and elemental sulfur, 0.1. Feedlot performance and carcass traits were comparable between the two grains when expressed both on a live weight and carcass weight basis. Feed utilization was more efficient with the waxy grain both on a live weight (P<.10) and a carcass (P<.05) basis. NE_m of the rations was 1.35 and 1.41 megcal. per kg., and of the grains 1.43 and 1.50 megcal. per kg. for the regular and waxy sorghum grains, respectively. NE_g values were 0.86 and 1.10 megcal. per kg. for the rations, and 0.95 and 1.24 megcal. per kg. for the grains listed in the above order. These results suggest that the glutenous starch in the waxy grain provided a more readily available energy source than the non-glutenous starch in the regular sorghum grain.

¹ Approved by the Director of the International Center for Arid and Semiarid Land Studies, Texas Technological College, Lubbock, Texas, as Contribution No. 71.

² This study was partially supported by Funk Bros. Seed Co., Lubbock, Texas. Special appreciation is extended to Dr. Ray Hinders for his cooperation and assistance.

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