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Efficacy of Ferrous Carbonate as a Hematinic for Young Swine

University of Illinois, Urbana—Champaign

Abstract

One-hundred-thirty-six young swine were used in three experiments to compare the efficacy of ferrous carbonate and ferrous sulfate in purified diets in maintaining normal hemoglobin values. Ferrous carbonate was ineffective as an oral hematinic supporting no higher hemoglobin than found in pigs receiving an unsupplemented purified diet. In a second series of three experiments, 120 young swine were used to study the efficacy of ferrous carbonate when added to a purified diet to give totals of approximately 18, 48, 92 and 147 ppm of iron in the diet. None of these levels supported hemoglobin values greater than the unsupplemented diets. At the conclusion of this phase of these experiments, half of the pigs was changed to diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate. These pigs had significantly greater hemoglobin values after 8 to 11 days on the new regime than the pigs remaining on ferrous carbonate. Weight gain was reduced only for the pigs receiving the unsupplemented diet containing less than 29 ppm iron or the ferrous carbonate supplemented diets. This series of experiments confirms earlier reports that 60 to 80 ppm of iron are adequate for swine ranging from birth to 35 kg. in weight and fed semi-purified diets. The current study confirms that ferrous carbonate is ineffective as an oral hematinic even at levels well in excess of the suggested requirement value.

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