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Effectiveness of Antibacterials Infused into the Proximal Colon on the Pig^{1, 2,}

Ohio Agriculture Research and Development Center⁴, Wooster

Abstract

One hundred thirty-four young Duroc pigs were used in three experiments to measure the effect of 35 days of continuous infusion of antibacterial solutions into the proximal colon. Daily levels of antibacterials tested were either a combination of 60 mg. chlortetracycline HCl, 60 mg. sulfamethazine and 30 mg. penicillin (CSP) or 30, 60, 120 or 240 mg. chlortetracycline HC1 (C-HCl) alone. Measured intake of antibacterials did not vary from intended intake by more than 2% for infused pigs or by more than 5% for pigs receiving oral antibacterials.

The continuous infusion of the antibacterial combination (CSP) or C-HCl alone resulted in a statistically significant increase in total weight gain when compared to water-infused controls and the response was not different from that obtained when the antibacterials were administered orally in feed. Control pigs on which sham operations were performed and in which no cannulae were installed gained more weight than pigs equipped with infusion cannulae.

Colonic infusion of the CSP combination resulted in a circulating level of sulfamethazine only. No C-HCl was detected in the blood from pigs receiving CSP or C-HCl by infusion. Kidney samples from pigs given 240 mg. C-HCl/day and urine samples from pigs given 120 or 240 mg. C-HCl by infusion contained low but measurable C-HCl activity. Increasing levels of oral C-HCl intake resulted in increased concentration in blood, kidney and urine.

¹ Approved for publication as Journal Article No. 9-68 by the Associate Director of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster.

² Supported in part by a grant from the American Cyanamid Comoany, Princeton, New Jersey.

³ Postdoctoral fellow. Present address: Department of Animal Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo.

⁴ Departments of Animal Science and Veterinary Science.