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Biohydrogenation of Linoleic-1-¹⁴C Acid by Rumen Protozoa¹

Clemson University^,3, Clemson, South Carolina

Abstract

Bacteria and protozoa contained in rumen liquor converted 70 to 80% of the added linoleic-1-¹⁴C acid to stearic acid during a 9-hr, incubation period. Studies with protozoal preparations indicated that the oligotrichs ^{per se} were responsible for the protozoal hydrogenation of linoleic-1-¹⁴C acid. Holotrich protozoa were unable to hydrogenate either linoleic-1-¹⁴C or oleic-1-¹⁴C acids.

Protozoal hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids occurred in a chemical manner similar to that reported for rumen bacteria. The intracellular nature of the reaction was suggested by the uptake of 90% of ¹⁴C labeled fatty acids within 90 min. of incubation, in conjunction with the comparable distribution patterns of C₁₈ fatty acids between cell and supernatant fractions after the 9-hr, incubation period. The complete hydrogenation of linoleic acid to stearic acid was shown to depend upon the proportion of octadecenoic acid produced exceeding that of linoleic acid present, and the conversion of cis monoene to the trans isomer.

¹ Technical Contribution No. 688, South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station. Published by permission of the Director.

² Present address, Department of Animal Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis.

³ Department of Dairy Science.

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