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Hematological Changes, Skin Changes and Apparent Digestibility of Lipids and Protein in Male and Female Growing Pigs Fed Diets Containing Safflower Oil, Hydrogenated Coconut Oil, Cholesterol or No Fat

Cornell University, Ithaca, New York^{1, 2,}

Abstract

Experiments were performed to study hematological changes in weanling Yorkshire and Yorkshire-Hampshire pigs fed semi-purified diets including a fat-free diet or diets containing 3% hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO), 3% safflower oil (SO) or combinations of HCO and SO and to determine the digestibility of these fats and whether these fats affected the apparent digestibility of crude protein. HCO elevated total serum lipids and cholesterol levels without affecting weight gain, skin appearance, blood hemoglobin and hematocrit concentration, while it significantly depressed serum protein, but had no deleterious effects on the apparent digestibility of dietary crude protein. The fat-free diet resulted in significantly depressed serum protein, total lipid and total cholesterol values without adversely affecting rate of gain, blood hemoglobin and hematocrit values and the apparent digestibility of crude protein. One percent cholesterol added to the fat-free diet did not adversely affect weight gain or apparent protein digestibility, nor did it precipitate skin lesions.

SO in various proportions in the diet significantly depressed total serum lipid and cholesterol levels, did not significantly affect weight gain, blood hemoglobin, hematocrit, or apparent protein digestibility but 3% SO increased serum protein levels as compared to 3% HCO.

Males showed more severe skin lesions than the females fed fat-free diets, but no significant sex differences were observed in any of the hematological parameters studied.

¹ Department of Animal Science.

² The assistance of J. A. Dunn and G. Kiger is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also wish to acknowledge W. G. Fluke, American Cyanamid Co., Princeton, New Jersey and S. R. Ames, Distillation Products Industry, Rochester, New York for supplies of antibiotics and vitamin E, respectively.

³ Charles Pfizer and Co., Inc., New York, supplies 500,000 I.U. vitamin A, 100,000 I.U. vitamin D and 50 I.U. vitamin E per ml.