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Effect of Sex, Soybean Oil, Bagasse and Molasses on Carcass Composition and Composition of Muscle and Fat Tissue in Swine¹

University of Hawaii, Honolulu

Abstract

Two trials, including two replications in each with a 2x4 factorial design, were run to compare the effect of barrows and giltsxcorn-soy-basal, 10% soybean oil diets, high-fiber diets and high molasses diets on physical and chemical composition of the carcass and the fatty acid composition of depot and intramuscular fat.

Differences in rate of gain due to treatment were not significant; however, the basal and high fat-fed pigs were fatter and had a higher carcass yield. Intramuscular fat content was highly variable and not highly correlated to subcutaneous fat levels.

Gilts gained more slowly than barrows. They had a higher carcass yield, less backfat, larger loin-eye area, heavier hams, more lean and less fat in the ham, a higher percent of protein and less fat in the muscle tissue than barrows. Both intramuscular fat and depot fat from gilts had a greater ratio of linoleic acid (C18:2) and a lower ratio of palmitic acid (C16) than corresponding tissue from barrows.

The linoleic acid content of both intramuscular and depot fat were almost tripled in pigs fed soybean oil over pigs fed a basal diet. Depot fat was 18% higher in linoleic than intramuscular fat. Linoleic acid level showed a high negative correlation with palmitic acid under each treatment. Linoleic acid level of pork fat generally showed a positive correlation with muscle mass and a negative correlation with rate of gain and total carcass fat content.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director of the Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station as Technical Paper No. 831.

² Statistical analyses of the data were made by the Statistics Laboratory of the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station under the supervision of C. Y. Kramer.

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