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Effect of the Inclusion of Dried Skim Milk, Whole Milk or Corn Oil in Corn-Soybean Meal Diets from Early Weaning to Market Weight on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs¹

Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

Abstract

Sixty-four, 3-week-old Yorkshire and Berkshire x Yorkshire pigs were fed until market weight a basal corn-soybean meal diet (21 or 18% protein), a similar diet containing 12% of added corn oil, or diets in which a major part of the soybean meal was replaced by dried skim milk or dried whole milk. During the first 42 days the diet containing dried whole milk promoted significantly faster weight gain than either of the soybean meal rations, and the greater gain of pigs fed dried skim milk over that of pigs fed the soybean meal rations approached significance. There was no significant effect of fat level on weight gains during this period. From 42 days to the end of the trial the weight gain of pigs fed dried whole milk or soybean meal plus corn oil was significantly greater than for pigs fed dried skim milk. During this period the high-fat diets produced greater gain than did the low-fat diets.

Combined data from the entire trial showed that diets containing dried whole milk produced faster weight gains than all other treatments. Total calculated digestible energy intake for the entire trial was greater for the group fed dried whole milk than all other groups, but digestible energy per pound of weight gain was almost identical for all groups.

Diets containing dried whole milk produced carcasses with a higher dressing percent than in other groups, while percent of trimmed lean cuts was significantly greater from pigs fed soybean meal than from those fed soybean meal plus corn oil and from pigs fed dried skim milk than from those fed dried whole milk.

The back-fat iodine number in pigs fed soybean meal rations including corn oil was greater than that in those fed only soybean meal. Back-fat iodine number in pigs fed rations containing dried whole milk was less than that in those fed dried skim milk.

¹ Grateful acknowledgment is given to G. H. Wellington, J. R. Stouffer and J. Scherer for their cooperation in obtaining carcass data, to Mrs. S. Swackhamer for performing the chemical analyses of the feeds and to L. Michaud, Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey, for supplying some of the feed ingredients.

² Department of Animal Husbandry.