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Bloat in Cattle. Its Relationship to a Respiratory Inhibitor in Ladino Clover and to Phosphorus Fertility of the Soil¹

Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station, Lafayette, Indiana

Abstract

In two different experiments, twenty Hereford cattle were divided into two herds at random and allowed to graze during alternate periods on a Ladino clover pasture fertilized with phosphate and on a control pasture. Samples of the clover were collected from the pastures each afternoon. The occurrence of bloat on Ladino clover was not correlated with the respiratory inhibition found in different fractions of the clover, with the total saponin content, or with the level of N, P, K, or Ca in the clover.

The respiratory inhibitor found in Ladino clover forage has the solubility properties of a saponin but differs from the respiratory inhibitor of alfalfa saponins in its relative concentration of carbohydrate components and its low potential to form cholesterides.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Biochemistry and the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Purdue University, as Journal Paper No. 1777. Taken in part from a thesis presented by R. L. DeVault to the Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the M. S. degree in August, 1961.

² Present address: Biochemical Research, Bristol Laboratories, Box 657, Syracuse 1, New York.