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The Mammary Growth Hormone of the Anterior Pituitary^*

From the Department of Dairy Husbandry, Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia, Mo.

Abstract

The size and development of the mammary glands are often limiting factors in the quantity of milk produced by cows, pigs and other farm animals. The physiological causes of mammary gland growth have been under investigation in this laboratory for some years. The correlation was noted between ovarian and mammary development in the young animal and between follicular and corpus luteal development during the estrous cycle and pregnancy (See Turner, 1939 for review). On experimental administration of extracts of ovarian follicles into male or spayed female animals growth and proliferation of the mammary duct system was found to occur. Further investigation proved that in order to artificially develop complete mammary glands with lobule-alveolar systems a combination of follicular and corpus luteal hormones was required in most species of laboratory animals.

Endocrine study in other laboratories had shown that the ovarian cycle was governed by gonadotropic hormones from the anterior pituitary (AP), a small ductless gland located at the base of the brain.

^* Aided in part by a grant from the International Cancer Research Foundation.

^** Contribution from the Department of Dairy Husbandry, Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station, Journal Series No. 641.