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Effect of Organic and Inorganic Sources of Unidentified Growth Factors on the Growing Pig¹

Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station, Lafayette

Abstract

A corn starch-cerelose-isolated soy protein diet containing 0.68% calcium and 16 p.p.m. zinc was inadequate for normal growth, and a high incidence of parakeratosis developed. Fifty p.p.m. supplemental zinc gave normal growth and completely prevented parakeratosis. The ash of brewers yeast gave partial protection from parakeratosis. This was not attributed to its zinc content. Distillers solubles, the ash or a reconstituted ash of distillers solubles, brewers yeast or 1 p.p.m. selenium were without effect in a low-zinc diet. Zinc did not appear to be the mineral factor responsible for the growth factor response.

Three experiments indicated distillers solubles was a potent source of unidentified growth factors for the young pig fed a semi-purified diet containing optimum amounts of all of the known dietary requirements. Fractionation studies indicated the factor in distillers solubles was partially soluble in methanol or that there was more than one factor present. Methanol extraction possibly liberated a bound form of the unidentified growth factor.

Slight but inconclusive responses were obtained with chloroform soluble and insoluble fractions of the methanol extract of distillers solubles.

Distillers solubles ash increased feed efficiency in two experiments and gave a growth response in one experiment and no response in a second.

Brewers yeast, the ash of brewers yeast, a reconstituted ash of distillers solubles, 3 p.p.m. selenium or 24 p.p.m. strontium improved feed efficiency but had no effect on growth rate when a nutritionally adequate diet was fed.

A two-week depletion period enhanced the pigs response to unidentified growth factors.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Animal Science, Journal Paper No. 1468.

² Supported in part by a grant from the Distillers Feed Research Council, Cincinnati, Ohio. The authors are also grateful to the Brewers Yeast Council, Inc., Chicago, Ill.; Distillers Feed Research Council, Cincinnati, Ohio; American Cyanamid Co., New York, N. Y.; and the Dow Chemical Co.,Midland, Michigan, for products which made this investigation possible.