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The Effect of Arsanilic Acid and 3-Nitro-4-Hydroxyphenylarsonic Acid on Selenium Poisoning in the Pig^{1, 2}

South Dakota State College

Abstract

Two experiments involving a total of 70 pigs were conducted to determine the effectiveness of arsanilic acid and 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl-arsonic acid in counteracting the effects of chronic selenium poisoning in pigs. Excellent protection against up to 10 p.p.m. of selenite selenium was given by these two arsenicals at levels of 0.02 percent and 0.005 percent respectively. Partial protection, as evidenced by reduced mortality or increased growth, was shown at the lower levels used (arsanilic acid 0.01 percent and 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid 0.0025 percent).

No toxic effects due to the arsenicals were observed at any time during either experiment. In Experiment 1 a slight growth response was shown by the pigs fed the arsenical supplements in a non-seleniferous ration.

A slight increase in blood clotting time was observed in Experiment 2 by the pigs fed the high levels of arsenicals.

¹ Contribution from the Departments of Animal Husbandry and Station Biochemistry and approved for publication by the Director of the Agricultural Experiment Station. Publication No. 328 of the Journal Series.

² Grateful acknowledgment is made to Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois for supplying the arsanilic acid, to Dr. Salsbury's Laboratories for the 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid, to Merck and Company, Inc., Rahway, New Jersey for the B-vitamins and to Nopco Chemical Company, Harrison, New Jersey for vitamins A and D.