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The Composition of Foreign and Domestic Bone Meals used in Livestock Feeding^{1, 5,}

State College of Washington

Abstract

Twenty-two bone meal samples, 14 of which were of foreign origin, were analyzed for their major and minor constituents. Four of the samples appeared to be contaminated and not to represent pure bone meal. When these were omitted, average levels of the major constituents determined were protein, 7.59 percent; ether extract, 0.93 percent; ash, 81.09 percent; calcium, 31.70 percent; phosphorus, 13.73 percent; magnesium, 0.64 percent; and sulfur, 0.22 percent. Average levels of minerals determined spectrographically (omitting samples contaminated with phosphate rock) were as follows (expressed as ppm. of rehydrated ash): aluminum, 2344 ppm.; barium, 361 ppm.; copper, 16 ppm.; fluorine, 803 ppm.; iron, 964 ppm.; manganese, 49 ppm.; sodium, 5000 ppm.; strontium, 2433 ppm.; and zinc, 489 ppm. In addition, boron chromium, molybdenum, silicon, silver, titanium, and vanadium were found in one or more of the samples.

The study reported herein has shown the complexity of bone meal. However, contents of such trace minerals as copper and cobalt are too low for bone meal to be of much value as a supplement for these two elements. It is a much better source of iron, manganese and zinc in addition to its established role as a calcium and phosphorus supplement.

¹ Scientific Paper No. 1245, Washington Agricultural Experiment Stations, Pullman, Project No. 787.

⁵ The support of Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., III Sutter Street, San Francisco, California, is gratefully acknowledged.

² Department of Dairy Science.

³ Division of Industrial Research.

⁴ Present Address: Department of Dairy Industry, Montana State College, Bozeman, Montana.